This editorial discusses the primary health challenges to the implementation of Healthy China 2030. It mainly focused on 1)The imbalance between socioeconomic development and population aging, 2)Industrialization, urbanization and environmental pollution, 3)Occupational health, and 4) Infections and chronic inflammations, which would increase the risk for developing chronic diseases.

 DOI:10.36316/gcatr.01.0014